Clinical indicators of periodontal disease in patients with coronary heart disease: A 10 years longitudinal study

Objectives: There is evidence about a possible relationship existing between periodontal diseases and coronary heart disease. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in periodontal evolution after etiological periodontal treatment, comparing a healthy control group with another having coronary heart disease. Study Design: The study included initially 55 patients of which 44 finished it. They were placed into two groups: Healthy Control Group (HCG) n =9, and Coronary Heart Disease Group (CHDG) n=35. The gingival level (GL), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured to compare the periodontal status in both groups. The patients were examined and etiological periodontal treatment was performed and they were then examined at the end of 1 and 10 years. Statistical method: A one way-ANOVA and a MR-ANOVA were established; significance p<0.05. Results: No significant differences between both groups were detected on the first visit (p>0.5). However, at the second visit the CHDG presented a significantly higher PD (p<0.05) and PI (p<0.01). CHDG patients gradually increase PD through time and in comparison to the control group (p<0.041). CHDG patients present a significantly higher CAL loss (p<0.0385) and a significant increase in PI (p<0.0041) at the end of one year, while on the third visit no significant differences were detected in any of these indices. Likewise, a similar fact can be observed on evaluating BOP at the end of ten years causal treatment, a smaller decrease in the cardiac group was observed in regards to the initial values (p<0.001).Conclusion: Patients with coronary heart disease showed a worse evolution of periodontal indices than healthy ones, when referring to probing depth, plaque index and bleeding on probing index (AU)

Clinical indicators of periodontal disease in patients with coronary heart disease: a 10 years longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVES: There is evidence about a possible relationship existing between periodontal diseases and coronary heart disease. The aim of the present longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in periodontal evolution after etiological periodontal treatment, comparing a healthy control group with another having coronary heart disease. STUDY DESIGN: The study included initially 55 patients of which 44 finished it. They were placed into two groups: Healthy Control Group (HCG) n =9, and Coronary Heart Disease Group (CHDG) n=35. The gingival level (GL), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured to compare the periodontal status in both groups. The patients were examined and etiological periodontal treatment was performed and they were then examined at the end of 1 and 10 years. STATISTICAL METHOD: A one way-ANOVA and a MR-ANOVA were established; significance p<0.05. RESULTS: No significant differences between both groups were detected on the first visit (p>0.5). However, at the second visit the CHDG presented a significantly higher PD (p<0.05) and PI (p<0.01). CHDG patients gradually increase PD through time and in comparison to the control group (p<0.041). CHDG patients present a significantly higher CAL loss (p<0.0385) and a significant increase in PI (p<0.0041) at the end of one year, while on the third visit no significant differences were detected in any of these indices. Likewise, a similar fact can be observed on evaluating BOP at the end of ten years causal treatment, a smaller decrease in the cardiac group was observed in regards to the initial values (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Patients with coronary heart disease showed a worse evolution of periodontal indices than healthy ones, when referring to probing depth, plaque index and bleeding on probing index.

Cardiopatías y enfermedades periodontales: ¿Existen evidencias de asociación? / Heart and periodontal diseases: Does evidence exist of association?

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan una de las principalescausas de muerte en las sociedades desarrolladas. Estas enfermedadesno sólo son importantes por la mortalidad que generan,sino por la gran cantidad de individuos afectados y en tratamientoque han de soportar los sistemas de salud de los distintos países. Deahí que la detección precoz de los factores de riesgo conducentesa desencadenar estas enfermedades haya sido vista como el mecanismomás eficaz para prevenirlas. En los últimos tiempos se vienerelacionando de una manera más o menos directa a la patologíaperiodontal con el padecimiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares.Este hecho podría tener una gran relevancia clínica y probablementeepidemiológica, debido a la considerable prevalencia actual de lasenfermedades periodontales. En la presente revisión se analizanlos factores clínicos y fisiopatológicos que dan soporte científicoa esta asociación, llegándose a la conclusión de que hacen faltamás estudios, para tener la evidencia de que dicha asociación, representaun factor de riesgo determinante para el padecimiento delas enfermedades cardiovasculares

Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the main causes ofdeath in developed societies. These diseases are not only importantbecause of the mortality they generate, but also due to thehigh number of affected persons under treatment that the healthsystems of different countries have to support. Hence, the earlydetection of risk factors triggering these diseases has been seenas the most effective mechanism to prevent them. Over the lastfew years periodontal pathology has been more or less relatedto the suffering of cardiovascular diseases.This fact could beof great clinical and epidemiological relevance owing to theactual considerable prevalence of periodontal diseases. In thepresent review, the clinical and physiopathological factors whichscientificallly support this association are analyzed,reachingthe conclusion that further studies are needed to have the proofthat said association represents a determinate risk factor for thesuffering of cardiovascular diseases

Heart and periodontal diseases: does evidence exist of association?

Cardiovascular diseases represent one of the main causes of death in developed societies. These diseases are not only important because of the mortality they generate, but also due to the high number of affected persons under treatment that the health systems of different countries have to support. Hence, the early detection of risk factors triggering these diseases has been seen as the most effective mechanism to prevent them. Over the last few years periodontal pathology has been more or less related to the suffering of cardiovascular diseases. This fact could be of great clinical and epidemiological relevance owing to the actual considerable prevalence of periodontal diseases. In the present review, the clinical and physiopathological factors which scientifically support this association are analyzed,reaching the conclusion that further studies are needed to have the proof that said association represents a determinate risk factor for the suffering of cardiovascular diseases.